Article Kidney Function and Prevalent and Incident Frailty

Design, setting, participants, & measurements CHS enrolled community-dwelling adults age$65 years between 1989–1990 and 1992–1993. To examine prevalent frailty, included were 4150 participants without stroke, Parkinson disease, prescribed medications for Alzheimer disease or depression, or severely impaired cognition. To examine incident frailty, included were a subset of 3459 participants without baseline frailty or development of exclusion criteria during follow-up. The primary predictor was estimated GFR (eGFR) calculated using serum cystatin C (eGFRcys). Secondary analyses examined eGFR using serum creatinine (eGFRSCr). Outcomes were prevalent frailty and incident frailty at 4 years of follow-up. Frailty was ascertained on the basis of weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slowness, and low physical activity.